The client receiving methadone should be monitored for which of the following side effects?

The client receiving methadone should be monitored for which of the following side effects?

• A. Hypertension and palpitations
• B. Constipation
• C. Excitability
• D. Hypotension and bradycardia

Answer: (B)

Opioid-induced constipation is a common and expected effect of methadone therapy. Methadone activates mu receptors in the GI tract, which slows intestinal motility and increases fluid reabsorption, leading to constipation. This makes constipation the most likely side effect among the options. Hypertension and palpitations are not typical opioid-related effects; excitability isn’t a common opioid side effect, and while opioids can cause hypotension, bradycardia isn’t a defining feature here. Constipation, however, occurs frequently with long-acting opioids like methadone and requires proactive management—hydration, fiber, and a bowel regimen (stool softeners and/or laxatives as appropriate). In practice, monitor bowel function regularly, encourage fluids and movement, and implement a stool regimen early to prevent constipation and its complications. If constipation becomes severe or signs of obstruction appear, reassess treatment and adjust the plan accordingly.

Opioid-induced constipation is a common and expected effect of methadone therapy. Methadone activates mu receptors in the GI tract, which slows intestinal motility and increases fluid reabsorption, leading to constipation. This makes constipation the most likely side effect among the options.

Hypertension and palpitations are not typical opioid-related effects; excitability isn’t a common opioid side effect, and while opioids can cause hypotension, bradycardia isn’t a defining feature here. Constipation, however, occurs frequently with long-acting opioids like methadone and requires proactive management—hydration, fiber, and a bowel regimen (stool softeners and/or laxatives as appropriate).

In practice, monitor bowel function regularly, encourage fluids and movement, and implement a stool regimen early to prevent constipation and its complications. If constipation becomes severe or signs of obstruction appear, reassess treatment and adjust the plan accordingly.